Brick



' y May 22, 1923. I 1,456,048

H. P. BARR V BRICK Filed June 24, 191e 2 sheets-sheet 2 /14 Vf# f 3 .o7171 ey 30 the other.

lfatented lit/tay 22, i923.

Ubliplli@ TTS iastate ria- HAEEY r. BAER, E EAST ORANGE, NEw JERSEY,AssIGNoE To CHARLES E. ErsKE, 10E NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

BRICK.

Application led June 24, 1918. Serial No. 241,531.

To all whom. t may concern.'

Be it known that l, HARRY P. BARR, a citizen of the United States, andres-ident of East Orange, in the county of Essex and State of NewJersey, have invented an Improvement in Brick, of which the followingdescription, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is aspecification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

My present invention is a hollow wall of novel type, great strength, andwith a plurality of open channels interrupting horizontal mortar coursesthrough. the wall, and novel types of building units adapted tointerlock with Standard Sized common brick at corners or other pointsinthe wall.

Important features of my present invention consist in a building unitand wall construction built therefrom, wherein a plurality ofload-carrying vertically extending wall sections are employed, givinggreat strength and rigidity to the wall and forming a plurality of openchannels, viz, two, each channel interrupting the horizontal mortarcourse between adjacent rows of my type of building unit, thus providinga double means for insuring moistureproofness and temperatureproofnessfrom one wall face to The hollow wall embodying my invention presentstriple rows of load-carrying wall sections, the inner and outer sectionsrespectively being cored to save weight and material, and theintermediate or third wall section being also cored, these threesections being united by a horizontal .web constituting the body portionof eachbrick, and forming with said three wall sections the two open airchannels.

Numerous advantages are secured by the present invention. Inmanufacturing the channel brick of my present type, the brick can bemade as a duplex block, having the end wall sections wire cut for readyseparation after drying and burning, with the central or intermediatewall Section uncut.

This advantage enables the duplex block to retainits form while plasticand during dry-l ing and kiln burning,'and yet to be quickly and easilySeparated into two individual channel brick, by a single chisel actionat the central wall section, instantly separating the two brick.Furthermore, the central wall section is of substantial size, givingaperfect and convenient ;hand hold to the mason when laying such -brickinto a wall, 'i

permitting handling of vmy type of channel brick with a minimum ofeii'ort vand'therefore facilitating building operations. An additionalfeature ofthe `broad central wall section is that it affords a firm andpro-per" bearing surface to be fitted, slid, and -positioned inalinement with the wall, enabling the mason with his hand pressing uponthe centralvwall section, to firmly seat the chan-y nel brick inposition on the mortar courses prepared for it, settling 1t into shapeand forcing the same down, squeezing outv the `mortar to desiredthinness and compressing the mortar courses `into recesses or aroundprojections where .these are employed. This broad hand hold and pressurereceiving central section, therefore, is of special value in actualwork. My channel brick with the triple wall sectio-n-s and double airchannels can be built either side up, i. e., with the open air channelsextending upwardly and closed by thebody portion -of the next channelbrick, or with the air channels opening downwardly and closed by thelowermost channel brick; the outer faces also may be interchangeable, sothat the mason will lose no time in picking out successive brick forbuilding.

Additional important featuresin the lpresent invention, consist in thesaving of mortar, together with the ygreat strength of my completedwall,and the multiplicity of open air channels interrupting the mortarcourses, as well as the adaptability of .this channel brick for all useswherein common and face brick of standard types and sizes are employed,interlocking with such common brick at piers, corners, and other desiredpositions, and the important fact that my brick can be economicallymade' in the ordinary type of die machine as Va continuous process, wirecutting the same, stacking, drying and kiln burning, like ordinarybrick, while giving a maximum of strength with a'minimum of claymaterial and mortar inthel completed wall structure.

Referring to the' drawings illustrating preferred embodiments/of theinvention,

Fig. l is a cross-sectional viewof a double brick or 'duplex block, asthe same comes from the die;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view ofthe single channel brick vready'foruse; y y

tion, showing the same in fragmentary Aform and in cross-section;

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are corresponding views of a duplex block incross-section, single brick in` cross-section and perspective wallsection, showing a modified form, illustrating an interlockingprojection and recess ony eachy wall section, theembodiment oik the.

invention illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 showing a mortar recess orinterlock on each middle wall section only.

`ldeferringto the drawings,y I prefer` to make the channel brick ofFigs. 1, 2 and 3,

double, `forcing the same Vthrough aldie oi suitable form, whereinleachbrick has the .horizontal web orA body portion `1 carryving thewall sections 2, 3 and 4, said wall v .section being cored as shown at5,6 and 7 vao respectively. To form these three wall sectionscomparatively large cored recesses 10, 10, are made in adouble b rick,resulting in the open channels 9, 9,l in each single brick. I desirealso, in this form ofchanvnel brick, to provide' mortar interlockingrecesses 11, inthe bodyportion 1, of each brick, and similarmortar'recesses 12, these recesses l11 and l12, being in alinement and.central vo'lf'the middle wall section 3. To

this end it may also be desirable to form the Vcored opening v6 ofslightly less size in 'the central wall'section 3, than the coredopenings 5 and 7 in the outer wall sections 2 and 4 respectively.v Inforcing the clay through the die, it is also desirable to completelysever the outerv wall sections by Stringing a wire from the coresforming the yopenings l10, 10, through to vthe die, thus completelycutting the two'brick on theline 13-13 as shown, giving a smooth openmortar `bed 14, 14, on the top or" each outer wall section. As the .clayis plastic'during this process of formation, it imme- 'diately reunitesvafter passing the cutting wire, sufficiently to'remain invcohesion-during the hacking, drying and Akiln burning processes. (Thecentral webs uniting the middle'sections 3, 3, at either side of therecess 12, are lefty in rintegral relation, and

4hold the two brick togetherin its duplex form, these websbeing'scoredslightly as shown at 15, 15. Consequently, after the brickis transported to the place of building,a single blow with a wide chiselon the scoring 15, 15, separates each brick which breaks evenly onthewire cut lines 13, and scoring 15, leaving the slightly projecting ribs,16, 16, and the mortar recesses 17'- the latter'one-hal. being thecentral recess 12-on the central or middle wall section 3. .As shown inFig. 3, they resulting wall :structure built of these channel brickgives a strong, rigid, load-carrying vwall of .hol-

low Iwall-sections with a plurality of air channels 9, .9,'as well asthe plurality of cored openings 5, 6, and 7 transversely throughoutVeachl layer in lthe rllhe horizontal mortar courses 18, and verticalmortar 19, in each wall face are inter-` rupted by" the 'two lairchannels 9, 9, fthe central'mor'tar course 20, upon the middle wallsection, givingan interlock which will retain adjacent courses ofchannel brick in proper alinement, locking them against displacement andwith allthree sections bearing their proper proportion 4of rcompressivestrain and load inthe wall. A. minimum of mortar, it will be noted, is`employed, the mason easily and quickly laying .a y,ribbon of mortaralong thebeds 14 of eachouter wall section andt along the: recess 17 andribs 16, 16, of thecentral wall section, in one brick, and thereuponholding the next I superimposed' brick by the' 'large hollow wall`section 3 as a hand hold, positioning it ony the mortar, settling7 itliirmly and solidly place with the `vheel of thel hand securing a goodhold on the i'latvr ribs 1,6,v viforcingthe` lentire bricky into place,`squeezing the central mortali' ribbon `2O 'upinto the recess 11,`alining'the brick and working it into place with comparatively slighteffort, and withy out undue exertion or injury tothe hands and withoutthe necessity of tapping the brick wall with his trowel which masonsdesire tov avoid if possible. block, thereiiore can "be `built into ya,wall with great speed, and "without wearing :out the masons, orexhaustive labor.

My improved i The viiarrow air spaces 9, 9, are as effectiveininterruptingv lthe mortar 'courses 18, as if they' 'Ihe hollow wallsections eliminate 'ins tively 31 and 32, and theinner or'middlej,

section 33. Each of these wallfsections is cored as shown at 34. 0n eachwall section I provide an interlocking lug 35, preferably projecting'upwardly from the top of the wall section, and I 4also form acorrespoiidy ing recess 36, preferably in the body portion.30, theselugs and` recessesbeing in alinement so as to a'fl'orda'positiveinterlockingA vconstruction in .the completed wall,

of channel brick with the lugs 35. connecting, as shown in Fig. 4,..Iprotect such lugs v during the, processes' 'of y manufacture andtransportatiomquntil the'y double block is ready to be split and theindividual channel brick used in actual work. To .this end,

-as shown in Fig. V6. By formingthistype 4,

antenas also, l may wire cut the outer pairs of lugs on the line 37 asalso clearly shown in Fig. 4C, leaving the centralk pairs of lugs 35united, to hold the double block in assembled position, in a similarmanner to that already mentioned in connection with the channel brickshown in Figs. l, 2 and 3.

This type of brick presents the double open channels 37a, 37a, and thetriple wall sections, and can be built into a wall either side up, i.e., either as illustrated in Fig. 6, or with each channel brick inreversed position. The horizontal mortar courses 38 and the verticalmortar courses 39 are interrupted by the central air spaces 37a, 37a,while the middle mortar course 40 is similarly isolated by the airspaces 37a, 37a. ln this form the lugs 35 or one or more of them may bereadily clipped off by a trowel when it is `desired to fit the brick asat corners, piers, or the like, with common brick crossing the same, theexposed faces of my type of brick being preferably of standard bricksize as is well known iri this particular art of channel brickconstruction. l am aware of the present types of channel brick nowgenerally employed, but these channel brick either rely upon arelatively vlarge single central air space or a narrow insecure andobjectionable hand-hold, which also is not load bearing, and my presentinvention is particularly directed to obviate the difficulties of suchprior channel brick constructions. rlhe small narrow hand-hold,particularly, is highly objectionable, and any narrow weblike projectionwhich the mason must rely upon to seat, settle, or force the brick downinto place in its mortar bed is tiresome, wearing, and results infatigue and, of course, is unsuted for pressure applying through thehand of the mason in forcing so large a building unit as a channel brickextending the entire width of the wall into alinement and position. Myinvention provides a broad hand hold in the central member, which memberis also a load-carrying land strengthening means in the wall. A furtheradvantage in my wall is that l provide the plurality of air spaces, asshould one air space be accidentally filled up with mortar by a carelessmason, the moistureproofness of my wall is still retained, whereas inprior constructions relying upon a single central air space, the fillingof such central space with mortar would completely destroy themoistureproofness of that mortar course. It will also be manifest thatan important advantage is present in my wall structure by forming theplurality of wall sections as hollow members, preventing uselessemployment of mortar, and limiting the mortar courses to small evenribbons or strips, which can be quickly and evenly laid by the masonalong the top of each wall section,

fe; sa

or in case the blocks are built in inverted order, these mortar ribbonswould be laid along the appropriate spaces on the body portions l or 30,as will be readily appreciated.

My invention is further defined and described in the form of claims asfollows:

l. Channel brick of the kind described, comprising a connecting bodyportion having formed thereon three vertically extending wall sectionsof equal length, each section being cored and producing with said bodyportion two open channels the exposed faces of the outer wall sectionsbeing of standard brick size.

2. Channel brick of the kind described, comprising a connecting bodyportion having formed thereon three vertically extending wall sectionsof equal length, each of said vertically extending wall sections beingofgreater width than the intervening open channels.

3. Channel brick of the kind described, comprising a connecting bodyportion having formed thereon three vertically extending hollow' wallsections, each of said vertically extending wall sections being ofgreater width than the intervening open channels and the exposed facesof the outer wall sections being of standard brick size.

4. Channel brick of the kind described, comprising a connecting bodyportion having formed thereon three vertically extending wall sections,each section being cored and producing with said body portion two openchannels, each of said wall sections being of greater width than theintervening open channels and having the exposed faces of the outer wallsections substantially equal in area to standard brick size.

5. Channel brick of the kind described, having` a horizontal bodyportion and a plurality of hollow wall sections extending at rightangles therefrom on the same side,

said sections being parallel with each other,

an inner hollow wall section on said body portion and having substantialwidth to constitute a hand hold with a broad bearing top surface theexposed faces of the plurality of hollow wall sections being ofsubstantially brick size.

6. Channel brick of the kind described, comprising a horizontalconnecting body portion and a plurality of vertically extending co'redmembers, an inner member having-mortar receiving grooves to provide aninterlock with the mortar course applied thereon.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HARRY P. BARR.

Witnesses:

FRED DEGAR, j W. C. SMITH. l f

